Why There are Arabs in Israel

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jewish emigration into israel did not begin with refugees from hitler's europe back in the 1920s the typical jewish home already have a little blue box of the jewish national fund for the collection of nickels and dimes to assist israeli land reclamation then long underway long before anyone outside of germany had heard of hitler.

nor did it begin with the balfour declaration of 1917. a jewish militia, a direct ancestor of the haganah, was already protecting settlement in israel in 1909, at a time when arab nationalism did not yet exist tel aviv was founded in that year as far back as 1905 an addition of the encyclopaedia britannica reported the population of jerusalem as 40,000 jews 13,000 christians and 7000 muslims.

jewish immigration into israel did not even begin with the founding of the zionist movement in 1897. 15 years before that it was already so great that the turkish government banned it. the modern revival of hebrew as a means of communication among jews coming to israel from various countries goes back at least to the 1850s.

actually there was no beginning. both the intent and the actuality of jewish return to israel have been continuous since ancient times, since even before the romans began a policy of de-judaizing the land. it has been constant; it is not a modern revival.

the central prayer of the jewish liturgy speaks, among other things, of the return of the jewish people to israel and israel's reestablishment of the jewish political entity with jerusalem as its capital. this prayer was composed of the roman empire was at its height, while israel was still predominately jewish, and has been recited constantly, from that era to the present, three times daily, without a break.

jews first came to israel in the second millennium b.c. the peoples they found they are no longer exist. for the most part they were absorbed by the jews. but they were not arabs. the arabs came later. space the country was predominately jewish for about 1500 years. but in the second century a.d., after a series of rebellions against roman rule and sporadic periods of regained independence, the romans determined to crush the jews permanently by driving out great numbers of them, sending their young men into the arenas as gladiators, and replacing them with the greek speaking population. even after this, jews remain the majority for a long time. the prayer for political reconstitution in israel continued to serve notice that the jewish people had not surrendered their claim. whatever one may think of the functions of prayer, here was a thrice daily notification, by an entire fault, they had every intention of reoccupying their land at the first opportunity. of course a claim without an army to back it up as little standing in international law. but the claim was there, waiting for its army, and no occupant who might enter in the meantime could be unaware of it. other references to the claim or throughout the liturgy - in the prayer after every meal, for instance. and every passover in yom kippur ended with a cry,franklin marshall pas cher, "next year in jerusalem!"

there are always been millions of jews taking all of this very seriously (aniyochanan). throughout the middle ages, no matter how bearing the desert is really become, and regardless of the conditions under which jews lived, there were always some making their way there to settle. some went in old age, in order to die there. others settled in groups. many who had no prospect of getting there, sent for little bags of israeli soil which they treasured and had poured on their bodies and their coffins, so that they could come as close as possible to burial in israel. in the 1500s there was a major attempt to reestablish jewish political autonomy in northern israel and to make the desert bloom (not with citrus groves, as today,lunette de soleil pas cher, but with silkworm culture). it failed when the leader of the movement, who was an associate of the sultan,drowsy asleep when the thief burglary was arrested, fell out of favor, but it was not an isolated incident.

the emancipation in recent centuries that caused some jews to take the israeli claim less seriously also made it easier for others to work for its realization. with us in the 1700s, and in the 18 hundredths, as in the present century, there was one movement after another, one organization after another, with a constant stream of emigration and settlement.

it was all this that made it inevitable that sooner or later, along about the middle of the 20th century, the jews of israel would ask for political independence and defend it with an army. it would've happened, even if there had been no world war ii or hitler, even if there had been no united nations.

jews and arabs, as it happens,franklin marshall, both originally came to israel in much the same way. each was at first the bedouin people that came out of the desert to conquer a land of ancient towns; each then adopted a subtle way of life and made the towns of their own. it is a frequent pattern in history.
the arabs first came to israel as conquerors on horseback in the seventh century a.d.. the peoples then living there spoke greek and aramaic, but after the arab conquest the arabic language became dominant. before that the arabs had lived in the arabian peninsula, and still do. when it burst out of arabia in the seventh century, they conquered not only israel but an empire extending from the pyrenees to the border of india. their religion to call them perch up at their language did not,recycling services article  achieve environmental, and neither their language nor the religion was permanent in spain or portugal (though both florist there for several centuries). but the rest of their empire corresponds roughly to the arab world of today. the same 7th-century wave of conquest that brought the arabs to israel brought them also to egypt, syria, iraq, and north africa and made them a major power.

the jewish settlement and confined itself to the small territory from the jordan valley to the coast, the areas of modern israel and jordan, and the jews would retain no connection with any previous region. their whole culture and religion identified itself permanently within this very small plot. the arab conquest was of a different order and magnitude. it did not lose momentum at it until it stretched from the atlantic to babylonia and beyond, and it retained the ancient homeland of arabia as well. israel with a tiny part of the whole.

it was not only a tiny part, but also an unimportant one. the arab empire split into diverse dynasties or parts fell under invading dynasties, and its pieces were eventually annexed by the turks, but at no time did the arabs, or the turks for that matter, ever make "palestine" a distinct entity - it was never even a province. it was always an outlying backwater of some other province. the present claim that "palestinians" are distinct nationality has not the slightest basis at all the centuries of their history. no arab administration regarded palestine is anything but an outlying part of something else; they never even had a word for as a whole. "falastin" in those days was only a part of it, a district. not only did in the territory have no form of political identity, but it was also neglected physically. until during the 18th and early 19th centuries the population of jerusalem had fallen below 10,000 in the road countryside had few people left the occasional nomads.

with the breakup of the turkish empire at the end of world war i, the british foreign office, in the course of its map drawing, invented the political and territorial concepts of palestine and transjordania (now jordan). these were not arab concepts. arabs simply thought of the whole region is syria, and an arab in jerusalem or bethlehem, if he wanted to define themselves geographically, called himself a syrian.

transjordania was carved from what had been a larger israel by the british in 1922; they made a kingdom for bedouin sheik whose family had been driven from the arabian peninsula by rival bedouins, also protégés of the british.

the jews who had fought the turks, in time found themselves fighting the british. in 1947, the un passed a resolution urging the partition of palestine into two intertwined halves - a jewish state and an arab state. the following year at the british left in the jews proclaimed their state. nobody troubled to set up a state in the arab half. the surrounding arab states made ready to invade the hole and take it over. but they had no more intention of setting up an arab state in israel than did the arabs already there; their intention was rather a free-for-all to fragment the territory and annexed the pieces. in other words, in 1947 and 1948 the surrounding arab states had no more concept of "palestine" as a permanent arab entity than did the arabs who live there. and why should they? there had never been such a state! the arab farmers in town dwellers of syria, israel, and jordan were homogeneous, alike in language and culture. among them were other groups such as the bedouins and the druzes, but these two were the same everywhere. the british drawn boundaries represented no ethnic or cultural reality.

as a matter of fact the arab population of